Alkaline phosphatase, or ALP, is present in kidneys, liver, intestines, bone, and the placenta. The liver makes the largest amount of ALP. Some of the conditions associated with increased levels of ALP include: damaged liver cells, rapid bone growth (during puberty), bone diseases, or a disease that affects how much calcium is in the blood (hyperparathyroidism), and vitamin D deficiency.
Chemistry
Isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase occur in:
The correct set of patient data would be: Hgb A = 60%, Hgb S = 38%, Hgb A2 = 2%, Hgb F = 0% Patients with sickle cell trait commonly have Hgb A values between 40 and 60%, Hgb S values between 20 and 40% and Hgb A2 values between 2 and 3%.
A known sickle cell trait patient has a hemoglobin electrophoresis test performed. Which of the following hemoglobin percentage sets would most closely match this patient's diagnostic state?
Hemolytic transfusion reactions seldom occur because the incidence of unexpected antibodies in random patients is relatively low, e.g., 3-5% is sometimes cited.
Being transfused with O Rh negative RBC is irrelvant if you have an unexpected antibody like anti-K or anti-c.
Incompatible red cells may "bleed out" but only if bleeding is brisk. Even then, a hemolytic reaction may occur later once the patient's antibody rebounds and destroys remaining antigen-positive donor red cells.
It's true that some patients have only cold-reactive antibodies that will not react at body temperature. But this does not explain why warm-reactive red cell antibodies cause few reactions Why do so few patients transfused with un-crossmatched red cells in an emergency experience a hemolytic transfusion reaction? Select the one best reason.
An antithetical relationship exists between the antigens M and N. Antithetical relationships occur in situations where for a given locus, only one of two genes may be inherited, the alleles are termed antithetical alleles.
In immunohematology, an antithetical relationship exists between M antigen and which of these antigens?
