An Adobe Commerce developer has created a module that adds a product attribute to all product types via a Data Patch-According to best practices, how would the developer ensure this product attribute is removed in the event that the module is uninstalled at a later date?
Correct Answer: C
According to the Develop data and schema patches guide for Magento 2 developers, data patches can also implement PatchRevertabieinterface to provide rollback functionality for their changes. The revert() method contains the instructions to undo the data modifications made by the patch. To ensure that the product attribute is removed when the module is uninstalled, the developer should make the data patch implement PatchRevertabieinterface and implement the revert method to remove the product attribute using EavSetupFactory or AttributeRepositoryInterface. Verified References:https://devdocs.magento.com/guides /v2.3/extension-dev-guide/declarative-schema/data-patches.html According to Adobe Commerce (Magento) best practices, when creating modules that add database schema changes or data through Data Patches, it's crucial to consider the reversibility of these changes for module uninstallation. Here's how each option relates to this practice: * Option A: Adding an Uninstall.php file that extends \Magento\Framework\Setup\UninstallInterface is indeed a method to handle module uninstallation in Magento. This interface requires the implementation of an uninstall method where you could write the logic to remove the product attribute. However, this approach is more commonly used for broader setup/teardown operations beyond simple data patches. The official Magento documentation discusses this approach under module uninstallation: * Magento DevDocs - Uninstalling a Module But for data patches specifically, the recommended approach is different. * Option B: Adding instructions in the README.md file for manual removal by merchants or developers is not a best practice for module management in Magento. This approach relies on human action which can be error-prone and inconsistent, especially in a production environment. Magento encourages automated processes for module lifecycle management to ensure reliability and consistency. * Option C: This is the correct and recommended approach according to Magento best practices for data patches. By implementing \Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\PatchRevertableInterface in your Data Patch class, you ensure that the patch can be reverted. This interface requires you to implement a revert method, which should contain the logic to remove the changes made by the patch, in this case, the product attribute. Here's how it works: * When creating a Data Patch, you extend \Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\DataPatchInterface. To make it reversible, you also implement \Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\PatchRevertableInterface. * In the revert method, you would write the code to remove the product attribute that was added by the patch. This approach ensures that your module's changes can be automatically undone if the module is uninstalled, maintaining the integrity of the Magento installation. Here's a reference from Magento documentation: * Magento DevDocs - Data Patches Example implementation: php use Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\DataPatchInterface; use Magento\Framework\Setup\Patch\PatchRevertableInterface; use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetup; use Magento\Eav\Setup\EavSetupFactory; use Magento\Framework\Setup\ModuleDataSetupInterface; class AddProductAttribute implements DataPatchInterface, PatchRevertableInterface { private $eavSetupFactory; private $moduleDataSetup; public function __construct( EavSetupFactory $eavSetupFactory, ModuleDataSetupInterface $moduleDataSetup ) { $this->eavSetupFactory = $eavSetupFactory; $this->moduleDataSetup = $moduleDataSetup; } public function apply() { /** @var EavSetup $eavSetup */ $eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $this->moduleDataSetup]); $eavSetup->addAttribute( \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::ENTITY, 'custom_attribute', [ 'type' => 'varchar', 'label' => 'Custom Attribute', 'input' => 'text', 'required' => false, 'sort_order' => 100, 'global' => \Magento\Eav\Model\Entity\Attribute\ScopedAttributeInterface::SCOPE_GLOBAL, 'group' => 'General', ] ); } public function revert() { /** @var EavSetup $eavSetup */ $eavSetup = $this->eavSetupFactory->create(['setup' => $this->moduleDataSetup]); $eavSetup->removeAttribute(\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product::ENTITY, 'custom_attribute'); } public static function getDependencies() { return []; } public function getAliases() { return []; } } This ensures that if the module is uninstalled, the product attribute will be automatically removed, adhering to Magento's modular and reversible development practices.
Question 22
Which has its own root category?
Correct Answer: B
In Magento, each store has its own root category. The root category acts as the top-level category under which all other categories and products are organized for that particular store. This structure allows for different catalog structures across multiple stores within a Magento installation, enabling a tailored product offering and navigation experience for each store. Theability to assign a unique root category to each store is a fundamental aspect of Magento's multi-store functionality, providing the flexibility to cater to diverse market segments or branding requirements.
Question 23
What action can be performed from the Cloud Project Portal (Onboarding Ul) of an Adobe Commerce Cloud project?
Correct Answer: C
The Cloud Project Portal (Onboarding UI) of an Adobe Commerce Cloud project is a web interface that allows you to perform various actions related to your project, such as creating and managing environments, deploying code, configuring services, and adding users1. One of the actions that you can perform from the Cloud Project Portal is adding a Technical Admin, which is a user role that has full access to all environments and canperform any action on the project2. To add a Technical Admin from the Cloud Project Portal, you need to follow these steps2: * Log in to the Cloud Project Portal with your Magento account credentials. * Click on the Users tab on the left sidebar. * Click on the Add User button on the top right corner. * Enter the email address of the user you want to add as a Technical Admin. * Select the Technical Admin role from the Role dropdown menu. * Click on the Send Invitation button. The user will receive an email invitation to join your project as a Technical Admin. They will need to accept the invitation and set up their account before they can access your project2.
Question 24
An Adobe Commerce Developer has written an importer and exporter for a custom entity. The client is using this to modify the exported data and then re-importing the file to batch update the entities. There is a text attribute, which contains information related to imagery in JSON form, media_gallery. This is not a field that the client wants to change, but the software they are using to edit the exported data seems to be modifying it and not allowing it to import correctly. How would the developer prevent this? A) Specify a serializer class for the attribute using the $_transformAttrs class property array for both the exporter and importer so it gets converted: B) Strip the attribute from the imported file by adding it to the s_strippedAttrs class property array: C) Prevent it from being exported by adding it to the $_disat>iedAttrs class property array:
Correct Answer: C
To prevent the media_gallery attribute from being exported as part of the custom entity's data, the developer should add this attribute to the $_disabledAttrs class property array. This effectively excludes the attribute from the export process, ensuring that it does not appear in the exported file and thus will not be modified or re-imported inadvertently. Option C is correct for the following reasons: * Preventing Export with $_disabledAttrs:Adding media_gallery to the $_disabledAttrs array tells the system to skip this attribute during export. This prevents the attribute from being included in the export file, thus removing the risk of it being altered by external software that handles the file. Since the attribute will not be present in the exported data, it will remain unchanged in the database when re- importing. * Explanation: The $_disabledAttrs property is specifically designed to exclude certain attributes from the export process. By using this property, you ensure that attributes not intended for editing or visibility in exports are safely omitted, maintaining data integrity.
Question 25
An Adobe Commerce developer has added an iframe and included a JavaScript library from an external domain to the website. After that, they found the following error in the console: Refused to frame [URL] because it violates the Content Security Policy directive. In order to fix this error, what would be the correct policy ids to add to the csp_whitelist.xml file?
Correct Answer: A
The Content Security Policy (CSP) in Adobe Commerce (Magento) restricts the types of content that can be loaded on a page to protect against malicious attacks, such as cross-site scripting (XSS). When an iframe is added, and a JavaScript library is loaded from an external source, these resources must be whitelisted explicitly using the csp_whitelist.xml file. In this specific case: * The frame-src directive controls the sources from which iframes can be embedded. Since the developer is embedding an iframe from an external domain, they need to whitelist this domain for frame-src. * The script-src directive controls the sources from which JavaScript files can be loaded. The external JavaScript library must be whitelisted under script-src to allow it to execute. Therefore, the correct policy IDs to whitelist are: * frame-src: to allow the embedding of content from an external domain in an iframe. * script-src: to allow the loading and execution of JavaScript files from the external domain. Here's how to update the csp_whitelist.xml file with the correct directives: <?xml version="1.0"?> <whitelist xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="urn: magento:module:Magento_Csp:etc/csp_whitelist.xsd" > <policy id="frame-src"> <values> <value id="your-external-domain.com"/> </values> </policy> <policy id="script-src"> <values> <value id="your-external-domain.com"/> </values> </policy> </whitelist> Replace your-external-domain.com with the actual domain of the external iframe and JavaScript source. Additional Resources: * Adobe Commerce Developer Guide: Content Security Policy (CSP) * CSP Policies and Directives: Explanation of all supported CSP directives and how to configure them.
