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  4. CREST.CPTIA.v2025-01-21.q48 Dumps
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Question 6

Jim works as a security analyst in a large multinational company. Recently, a group of hackers penetrated into their organizational network and used a data staging technique to collect sensitive data. They collected all sorts of sensitive data about the employees and customers, business tactics of the organization, financial information, network infrastructure information and so on.
What should Jim do to detect the data staging before the hackers exfiltrate from the network?

Correct Answer: C
In the scenario described, where attackers have penetrated the network and are staging data for exfiltration, Jim should focus on monitoring network traffic for signs of malicious file transfers, implement file integrity monitoring, and scrutinize event logs. This approach is crucial for detecting unusual activity that could indicate data staging, such as large volumes of data being moved to uncommon locations, sudden changes in file integrity, or suspicious entries in event logs. Early detection of these indicators can help in identifying the staging activity before the data is exfiltrated from the network.References:
* NIST Special Publication 800-61 Rev. 2, "Computer Security Incident Handling Guide"
* SANS Institute Reading Room, "Detecting Malicious Activity with DNS and NetFlow"
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Question 7

Enrage Tech Company hired Enrique, a security analyst, for performing threat intelligence analysis. While performing data collection process, he used a counterintelligence mechanism where a recursive DNS server is employed to perform interserver DNS communication and when a request is generated from any name server to the recursive DNS server, the recursive DNS servers log the responses that are received. Then it replicates the logged data and stores the data in the central database. Using these logs, he analyzed the malicious attempts that took place over DNS infrastructure.
Which of the following cyber counterintelligence (CCI) gathering technique has Enrique used for data collection?

Correct Answer: A
Passive DNS monitoring involves collecting data about DNS queries and responses without actively querying DNS servers, thereby not altering or interfering with DNS traffic. This technique allows analysts to track changes in DNS records and observe patterns that may indicate malicious activity. In the scenario described, Enrique is employing passive DNS monitoring by using a recursive DNS server to log the responses received from name servers, storing these logs in a central database for analysis. This approach is effective for identifying malicious domains, mapping malware campaigns, and understanding threat actors' infrastructure without alerting them to the fact that they are being monitored. This method is distinct from active techniques such as DNS interrogation or zone transfers, which involve sending queries to DNS servers, and dynamic DNS, which refers to the automatic updating of DNS records.References:
* SANS Institute InfoSec Reading Room, "Using Passive DNS to Enhance Cyber Threat Intelligence"
* "Passive DNS Replication," by Florian Weimer, FIRST Conference Presentation
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Question 8

The following steps describe the key activities in forensic readiness planning:
1. Train the staff to handle the incident and preserve the evidence
2. Create a special process for documenting the procedure
3. Identify the potential evidence required for an incident
4. Determine the source of the evidence
5. Establish a legal advisory board to guide the investigation process
6. Identify if the incident requires full or formal investigation
7. Establish a policy for securely handling and storing the collected evidence
8. Define a policy that determines the pathway to legally extract electronic evidence with minimal disruption Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in forensic readiness planning.

Correct Answer: B
The correct sequence of steps involved in forensic readiness planning, based on the activities described, is as follows:
* Identify the potential evidence required for an incident.
* Determine the source of the evidence.
* Define a policy that determines the pathway to legally extract electronic evidence with minimal disruption.
* Establish a policy for securely handling and storing the collected evidence.
* Identify if the incident requires full or formal investigation.
* Train the staff to handle the incident and preserve the evidence.
* Create a special process for documenting the procedure.
* Establish a legal advisory board to guide the investigation process.This sequence ensures that an organization is prepared to handle incidents efficiently, with a focus on identifying relevant evidence and the legal context of its collection, followed by staff training and the establishment of guiding policies and advisory boards.References:Incident Handler (CREST CPTIA) courses and study guides include discussions on forensic readiness planning, highlighting the importance of preparing organizations for effective legal and technical handling of incidents.
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Question 9

Tim is working as an analyst in an ABC organization. His organization had been facing many challenges in converting the raw threat intelligence data into meaningful contextual information. After inspection, he found that it was due to noise obtained from misrepresentation of data from huge data collections. Hence, it is important to clean the data before performing data analysis using techniques such as data reduction. He needs to choose an appropriate threat intelligence framework that automatically performs data collection, filtering, and analysis for his organization.
Which of the following threat intelligence frameworks should he choose to perform such task?

Correct Answer: C
Threat Grid is a threat intelligence and analysis platform that offers advanced capabilities for automatic data collection, filtering, and analysis. It is designed to help organizations convert raw threat data into meaningful, actionable intelligence. By employing advanced analytics and machine learning, Threat Grid can reduce noise from large data sets, helping to eliminate misrepresentations and enhance the quality of the threat intelligence.
This makes it an ideal choice for Tim, who is looking to address the challenges of converting raw data into contextual information and managing the noise from massive data collections.References:
* "Cisco Threat Grid: Unify Your Threat Defense," Cisco
* "Integrating and Automating Threat Intelligence," by Threat Grid
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Question 10

An analyst wants to disseminate the information effectively so that the consumers can acquire and benefit out of the intelligence.
Which of the following criteria must an analyst consider in order to make the intelligence concise, to the point, accurate, and easily understandable and must consist of a right balance between tables, narrative, numbers, graphics, and multimedia?

Correct Answer: B
For intelligence to be effectively disseminated and utilized by consumers, it must be presented in a manner that is concise, accurate, easily understandable, and engaging. This involves a careful balance of narrative, numerical data, tables, graphics, and potentially multimedia elements to convey the information clearly and compellingly. The right presentation takes into account the preferences and needs of the intelligence consumers, as well as the context andurgency of the information. By focusing on how the intelligence is presented, the analyst ensures that the content is not only consumed but also actionable, facilitating informed decision-making.
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