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  1. Home
  2. ECCouncil Certification
  3. 312-50v12 Exam
  4. ECCouncil.312-50v12.v2025-07-31.q254 Dumps
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Question 161

You are the Network Admin, and you get a complaint that some of the websites are no longer accessible. You try to ping the servers and find them to be reachable. Then you type the IP address and then you try on the browser, and find it to be accessible. But they are not accessible when you try using the URL.
What may be the problem?

Correct Answer: A
Most likely have an issue with DNS.
DNS stands for "Domain Name System." It's a system that lets you connect to websites by matching human-readable domain names (like example.com) with the server's unique ID where a website is stored.
Think of the DNS system as the internet's phonebook. It lists domain names with their corresponding identifiers called IP addresses, instead of listing people's names with their phone numbers. When a user enters a domain name like wpbeginner.com on their device, it looks up the IP address and connects them to the physical location where that website is stored.
NOTE: Often DNS lookup information will be cached locally inside the querying computer or remotely in the DNS infrastructure. There are typically 8 steps in a DNS lookup. When DNS information is cached, steps are skipped from the DNS lookup process, making it quicker. The example below outlines all 8 steps when nothing is cached.
The 8 steps in a DNS lookup:
1. A user types 'example.com' into a web browser, and the query travels into the Internet and is received by a DNS recursive resolver;
2. The resolver then queries a DNS root nameserver;
3. The root server then responds to the resolver with the address of a Top-Level Domain (TLD) DNS server (such as .com or .net), which stores the information for its domains. When searching for example.com, our request is pointed toward the .com TLD;
4. The resolver then requests the .com TLD;
5. The TLD server then responds with the IP address of the domain's nameserver, example.com;
6. Lastly, the recursive resolver sends a query to the domain's nameserver;
7. The IP address for example.com is then returned to the resolver from the nameserver;
8. The DNS resolver then responds to the web browser with the IP address of the domain requested initially; Once the 8 steps of the DNS lookup have returned the IP address for example.com, the browser can request the web page:
9. The browser makes an HTTP request to the IP address;
10. The server at that IP returns the webpage to be rendered in the browser.
NOTE 2: DNS primarily uses the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) on port number 53 to serve requests. And if this port is blocked, then a problem arises already in the first step. But the ninth step is performed without problems.
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Question 162

You have successfully logged on a Linux system. You want to now cover your trade Your login attempt may be logged on several files located in /var/log. Which file does NOT belongs to the list:

Correct Answer: B
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Question 163

Tony wants to integrate a 128-bit symmetric block cipher with key sizes of 128,192, or 256 bits into a software program, which involves 32 rounds of computational operations that include substitution and permutation operations on four 32-bit word blocks using 8-variable S-boxes with 4-bit entry and 4-bit exit. Which of the following algorithms includes all the above features and can be integrated by Tony into the software program?

Correct Answer: C
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Question 164

in this form of encryption algorithm, every Individual block contains 64-bit data, and three keys are used, where each key consists of 56 bits. Which is this encryption algorithm?

Correct Answer: B
Triple DES is another mode of DES operation. It takes three 64-bit keys, for an overall key length of 192 bits. In Stealth, you merely type within the entire 192-bit (24 character) key instead of entering each of the three keys individually. The Triple DES DLL then breaks the user-provided key into three subkeys, padding the keys if necessary in order that they are each 64 bits long. The procedure for encryption is strictly an equivalent as regular DES, but it's repeated 3 times , hence the name Triple DES. the info is encrypted with the primary key, decrypted with the second key, and eventually encrypted again with the third key. Triple DES runs 3 times slower than DES, but is far safer if used properly. The procedure for decrypting something is that the same because the procedure for encryption, except it's executed in reverse. Like DES, data is encrypted and decrypted in 64-bit chunks. Although the input key for DES is 64 bits long, the particular key employed by DES is merely 56 bits long . the smallest amount significant (right-most) bit in each byte may be a parity , and will be set in order that there are always an odd number of 1s in every byte. These parity bits are ignored, so only the seven most vital bits of every byte are used, leading to a key length of 56 bits. this suggests that the effective key strength for Triple DES is really 168 bits because each of the three keys contains 8 parity bits that aren't used during the encryption process. Triple DES Modes Triple ECB (Electronic Code Book) * This variant of Triple DES works precisely the same way because the ECB mode of DES. * this is often the foremost commonly used mode of operation. Triple CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) * This method is extremely almost like the quality DES CBC mode. * like Triple ECB, the effective key length is 168 bits and keys are utilized in an equivalent manner, as described above, but the chaining features of CBC mode also are employed. * the primary 64-bit key acts because the Initialization Vector to DES. * Triple ECB is then executed for one 64-bit block of plaintext. * The resulting ciphertext is then XORed with subsequent plaintext block to be encrypted, and therefore the procedure is repeated. * This method adds an additional layer of security to Triple DES and is therefore safer than Triple ECB, although it's not used as widely as Triple ECB.
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Question 165

What kind of detection techniques is being used in antivirus software that identifies malware by collecting data from multiple protected systems and instead of analyzing files locally it's made on the provider's environment?

Correct Answer: B
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