A bank customer expecting to pay its Brazilian supplier BRL 100 million asks Alpha Bank to buy Australian
dollars and sell Brazilian reals. Alpha bank does not hold reals so it asks for a quote to buy Brazilian reals in
the market. The market rate is 100. The bank quotes a selling rate of 101 to its customer and sells the real at
this quoted price. Then the bank immediately buys the real at the market rate and completes foreign exchange
matched transaction. What is the impact of this transaction on the bank's risk profile?
Present value of a basis point (PVBP) is one of the ways to quantify the risk of a bond, and it measures:
Jack Richardson wants to compute the 1-month VaR of a portfolio with a market value of USD 10 million,
with an average monthly return of 1% and average monthly standard deviation of 1.5%. What is the portfolio
VaR at 99% confidence level?
Probability Cumulative Normal distribution
0.90 1.282
0.91 1.341
0.92 1.405
0.93 1.476
0.94 1.555
0.95 1.645
0.96 1.751
0.97 1.881
0.98 2.054
0.99 2.326
An asset manager for a large mutual fund is considering forward exchange positions traded in a clearinghouse
system and needs to mitigate the risks created as a result of this operation. Which of the following risks will be
created as a result of the forward exchange transaction?
A trader for EtaBank wants to take a leveraged position in Collateralized Debt Obligations. These CDOs can
be used in a repurchase transaction at a 20% haircut. Starting with $100 worth of CDOs, which one of the
following four positions would completely utilize the available leverage?
