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  1. Home
  2. Google Certification
  3. Professional-Machine-Learning-Engineer Exam
  4. Google.Professional-Machine-Learning-Engineer.v2024-01-19.q113 Dumps
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Question 41

You work at an ecommerce startup. You need to create a customer churn prediction model Your company's recent sales records are stored in a BigQuery table You want to understand how your initial model is making predictions. You also want to iterate on the model as quickly as possible while minimizing cost How should you build your first model?

Correct Answer: B
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Question 42

A Machine Learning Specialist must build out a process to query a dataset on Amazon S3 using Amazon Athena. The dataset contains more than 800,000 records stored as plaintext CSV files. Each record contains
200 columns and is approximately 1.5 MB in size. Most queries will span 5 to 10 columns only.
How should the Machine Learning Specialist transform the dataset to minimize query runtime?

Correct Answer: A
Using compressions will reduce the amount of data scanned by Amazon Athena, and also reduce your S3 bucket storage. It's a Win-Win for your AWS bill. Supported formats: GZIP, LZO, SNAPPY (Parquet) and ZLIB.
Reference: https://www.cloudforecast.io/blog/using-parquet-on-athena-to-save-money-on-aws/
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Question 43

You were asked to investigate failures of a production line component based on sensor readings. After receiving the dataset, you discover that less than 1% of the readings are positive examples representing failure incidents. You have tried to train several classification models, but none of them converge. How should you resolve the class imbalance problem?

Correct Answer: B
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Question 44

You want to train an AutoML model to predict house prices by using a small public dataset stored in BigQuery. You need to prepare the data and want to use the simplest most efficient approach. What should you do?

Correct Answer: A
The simplest and most efficient approach for preparing the data for AutoML is to use BigQuery and Vertex AI. BigQuery is a serverless, scalable, and cost-effective data warehouse that can perform fast and interactive queries on large datasets. BigQuery can preprocess the data by using SQL functions such as filtering, aggregating, joining, transforming, and creating new features. The preprocessed data can be stored in a new table in BigQuery, which can be used as the data source for Vertex AI. Vertex AI is a unified platform for building and deploying machine learning solutions on Google Cloud. Vertex AI can create a managed dataset from a BigQuery table, which can be used to train an AutoML model. Vertex AI can also evaluate, deploy, and monitor the AutoML model, and provide online or batch predictions. By using BigQuery and Vertex AI, users can leverage the power and simplicity of Google Cloud to train an AutoML model to predict house prices.
The other options are not as simple or efficient as option A, for the following reasons:
* Option B: Using Dataflow to preprocess the data and write the output in TFRecord format to a Cloud Storage bucket would require more steps and resources than using BigQuery and Vertex AI. Dataflow is a service that can create scalable and reliable pipelines to process large volumes of data from various sources. Dataflow can preprocess the data by using Apache Beam, a programming model for defining and executing data processing workflows. TFRecord is a binary file format that can store sequential data efficiently. However, using Dataflow and TFRecord would require writing code, setting up a pipeline, choosing a runner, and managing the output files. Moreover, TFRecord is not a supported format for Vertex AI managed datasets, so the data would need to be converted to CSV or JSONL files before creating a Vertex AI managed dataset.
* Option C: Writing a query that preprocesses the data by using BigQuery and exporting the query results as CSV files would require more steps and storage than using BigQuery and Vertex AI. CSV is a text file format that can store tabular data in a comma-separated format. Exporting the query results as CSV files would require choosing a destination Cloud Storage bucket, specifying a file name or a wildcard, and setting the export options. Moreover, CSV files can have limitations such as size, schema, and encoding, which can affect the quality and validity of the data. Exporting the data as CSV files would also incur additional storage costs and reduce the performance of the queries.
* Option D: Using a Vertex AI Workbench notebook instance to preprocess the data by using the pandas library and exporting the data as CSV files would require more steps and skills than using BigQuery and Vertex AI. Vertex AI Workbench is a service that provides an integrated development environment for data science and machine learning. Vertex AI Workbench allows users to create and run Jupyter notebooks on Google Cloud, and access various tools and libraries for data analysis and machine learning. Pandas is a popular Python library that can manipulate and analyze data in a tabular format.
However, using Vertex AI Workbench and pandas would require creating a notebook instance, writing Python code, installing and importing pandas, connecting to BigQuery, loading and preprocessing the data, and exporting the data as CSV files. Moreover, pandas can have limitations such as memory usage, scalability, and compatibility, which can affect the efficiency and reliability of the data processing.
References:
* Preparing for Google Cloud Certification: Machine Learning Engineer, Course 2: Data Engineering for ML on Google Cloud, Week 1: Introduction to Data Engineering for ML
* Google Cloud Professional Machine Learning Engineer Exam Guide, Section 1: Architecting low-code ML solutions, 1.3 Training models by using AutoML
* Official Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning Engineer Study Guide, Chapter 4:
Low-code ML Solutions, Section 4.3: AutoML
* BigQuery
* Vertex AI
* Dataflow
* TFRecord
* CSV
* Vertex AI Workbench
* Pandas
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Question 45

You need to train a regression model based on a dataset containing 50,000 records that is stored in BigQuery.
The data includes a total of 20 categorical and numerical features with a target variable that can include negative values. You need to minimize effort and training time while maximizing model performance. What approach should you take to train this regression model?

Correct Answer: D
AutoML Tables is a service that allows you to automatically build, analyze, and deploy machine learning models on tabular data. It is suitable for large-scale regression and classification problems, and it supports various optimization objectives, data splitting methods, and hyperparameter tuning algorithms. AutoML Tables can handle both categorical and numerical features, and it can also handle missing values and outliers.
AutoML Tables is a good choice for this problem because it minimizes the effort and training time required to train a regression model, while maximizing the model performance.
RMSLE stands for Root Mean Squared Logarithmic Error, and it is a metric that measures the average difference between the logarithm of the predicted values and the logarithm of the actual values.RMSLE is useful for regression problems where the target variable can include negative values, and where large differences between small values are more important than large differences between large values. For example, RMSLE penalizes underestimating a value of 10 by 2 more than overestimating a value of 1000 by
20. RMSLE is a good optimization objective for this problem because it can handle negative values in the target variable, and it can reduce the impact of outliers and large errors.
For more information about AutoML Tables and RMSLE, see the following references:
* AutoML Tables: end-to-end workflows on AI Platform Pipelines
* Predict workload failures before they happen with AutoML Tables
* How to Calculate RMSE in R
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