Which foam extinguishing agent can be proportioned into final concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 6%?
Correct Answer: D
Explanation Aqueous film-forming agents (AFFF) are synthetic foam concentrates that can be proportioned into final concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 6%, depending on the type of fuel and application method12. AFFF forms a thin aqueous film on the surface of the flammable liquid, which prevents vapor release and provides rapid fire knockdown and extinguishment3. AFFF is suitable for Class B fires involving hydrocarbon fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc. References: Fire Fighting Foams - Chemguard Extinguishing foam: types, operation and application areas [NFPA 11: Standard for Low-, Medium-, and High-Expansion Foam]
Question 2
What type of load is the weight of items such as furnishings, people, and equipment?
Correct Answer: B
Explanation The weight of items such as furnishings, people, and equipment is called dead load. Dead load is the permanent load that is applied to a structure or a component of a structure1. It includes the weight of the structure itself, as well as any fixed attachments or equipment2. Dead load is one of the factors that determines the fire resistance rating of a structure or a component3. References: NFPA 557: Standard for Determination of Fire Loads for Use in Structural Fire Protection Design An Overview of Fire Protection for Structural Engineers SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 5th edition
Question 3
Heat transfer oils can be used up to
Correct Answer: B
Explanation 650° F(343° C). Heat transfer oils are fluids that are used to transfer heat from one source to another in various industrial applications, such as chemical processing, oil refining, power generation, and food processing. Heat transfer oils can be classified into two types: mineral oils and synthetic oils. Mineral oils are derived from petroleum and have a lower cost and a lower flash point than synthetic oils.Synthetic oils are made from organic or silicone compounds and have a higher thermal stability and a higher flash point than mineral oils1 The maximum temperature that heat transfer oils can be used up to depends on the type and quality of the oil, as well as the design and operation of the heat transfer system. Different oils have different boiling points, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and thermal degradation rates.Generally, synthetic oils can withstand higher temperatures than mineral oils, but they are also more expensive and may require special handling and storage1 According to the web search results, the maximum temperature that heat transfer oils can be used up to ranges from 300°C to 400°C (572°F to 752°F), depending on the specific product and manufacturer.For example, the product brochure from Klüber Lubrication states that their heat transfer oils have an application range of operating temperatures up to 550°F (288°C)2.The product data sheet from Sinopec states that their heat transfer oils can be used up to 540°F (282°C)3.The product information from Paratherm states that their high temperature heat transfer fluids have service temperatures of 3°C to 357°C (37°F to 675°F)4. Therefore, based on these sources, the closest answer to the question is B. 650° F(343° C). However, it is important to note that the maximum temperature that heat transfer oils can be used up to may vary depending on the specific conditions and requirements of each application. References: Heat Transfer Fluids - A Comparison of Types1 High-temperature heat transfer fluids - Dow5 Heat Transfer Oils - klueber.com2 Heat Transfer Oil Suppliers | Heat Transfer Oils include low ...3 High Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids | Paratherm4
Question 4
When assessing industrial fire risks, the type of risk management conducted depends on the significance of the decision, the complexity of the problem, and
Correct Answer: B
Question 5
When evaluating the hydraulic properties of water for fire protection system, what is the measurement of a fluid's resistance to flow?
Correct Answer: B
Explanation The measurement of a fluid's resistance to flow is calledviscosity.Viscosity is the property of a fluid that describes how easily it can deform or move when subjected to a shear stress, such as the force exerted by a pipe wall or a pump1. A fluid with high viscosity, such as honey, resists flow and requires more pressure to overcome the friction between its layers.A fluid with low viscosity, such as water, flows easily and has less frictional resistance2.Viscosity affects the hydraulic properties of water for fire protection systems, such as the flow rate, pressure loss, and pump power3. Viscosity is usually expressed in units of pascal-second (Pa s) or centipoise (cP) for liquids, and is dependent on the temperature and composition of the fluid.References: Viscosity | Definition, Facts, Formula, Units, & Examples Viscosity - The Physics Hypertextbook Fire Pump Types | NFPA [12.4: Viscosity and Laminar Flow; Poiseuille's Law]
