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  1. Home
  2. PECB Certification
  3. ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer Exam
  4. PECB.ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer.v2024-10-09.q104 Dumps
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Question 101

An organization has implemented a control that enables the company to manage storage media through their life cycle of use. acquisition, transportation and disposal. Which control category does this control belong to?

Correct Answer: C
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, the control that enables the organization to manage storage media through their life cycle of use, acquisition, transportation and disposal belongs to the category of physical and environmental security. This category covers the controls that prevent unauthorized physical access, damage and interference to the organization's information and information processing facilities. The specific control objective for this control is A.11.2.7 Secure disposal or reuse of equipment1, which states that "equipment containing storage media shall be checked to ensure that any sensitive data and licensed software has been removed or securely overwritten prior to disposal or reuse."2 References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A
* ISO/IEC 27002:2022, clause 11.2.7
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Question 102

Scenario 1: HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the
[^involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.
Last month, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the increased number of users accessing the software Another issue the company faced while using the software was the complicated user interface, which the untrained personnel found challenging to use.
The top management of HealthGenic immediately informed the company that had developed the software about the issue. The software company fixed the issue; however, in the process of doing so, it modified some files that comprised sensitive information related to HealthGenic's patients. The modifications that were made resulted in incomplete and incorrect medical reports and, more importantly, invaded the patients' privacy.
Which situation described in scenario 1 represents a threat to HealthGenic?

Correct Answer: B
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, a threat is any incident that could negatively affect the confidentiality, integrity or availability of an asset1. In this scenario, the asset is the information related to HealthGenic's patients, which is stored and processed by the web-based medical software. The software company's modification of some files that comprised sensitive information related to HealthGenic's patients is an incident that could negatively affect the confidentiality and integrity of the asset, as it resulted in incomplete and incorrect medical reports and invaded the patients' privacy. Therefore, this situation represents a threat to HealthGenic.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements ISO 27001 Key Terms - PJR
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Question 103

Scenario 3: Socket Inc is a telecommunications company offering mainly wireless products and services. It uses MongoDB. a document model database that offers high availability, scalability, and flexibility.
Last month, Socket Inc. reported an information security incident. A group of hackers compromised its MongoDB database, because the database administrators did not change its default settings, leaving it without a password and publicly accessible.
Fortunately. Socket Inc. performed regular information backups in their MongoDB database, so no information was lost during the incident. In addition, a syslog server allowed Socket Inc. to centralize all logs in one server. The company found out that no persistent backdoor was placed and that the attack was not initiated from an employee inside the company by reviewing the event logs that record user faults and exceptions.
To prevent similar incidents in the future, Socket Inc. decided to use an access control system that grants access to authorized personnel only. The company also implemented a control in order to define and implement rules for the effective use of cryptography, including cryptographic key management, to protect the database from unauthorized access The implementation was based on all relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the information classification scheme. To improve security and reduce the administrative efforts, network segregation using VPNs was proposed.
Lastly, Socket Inc. implemented a new system to maintain, collect, and analyze information related to information security threats, and integrate information security into project management.
Socket Inc. has implemented a control for the effective use of cryptography and cryptographic key management. Is this compliant with ISO/IEC 27001' Refer to scenario 3.

Correct Answer: B
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A.8.24, the control for the effective use of cryptography is intended to ensure proper and effective use of cryptography to protect the confidentiality, authenticity, and/or integrity of information. This control can include cryptographic key management, which is the process of generating, distributing, storing, using, and destroying cryptographic keys in a secure manner. Cryptographic key management is essential for ensuring the security and functionality of cryptographic solutions, such as encryption, digital signatures, or authentication.
The standard provides the following guidance for implementing this control:
A policy on the use of cryptographic controls should be developed and implemented.
The policy should define the circumstances and conditions in which the different types of cryptographic controls should be used, based on the information classification scheme, the relevant agreements, legislation, and regulations, and the assessed risks.
The policy should also define the standards and techniques to be used for each type of cryptographic control, such as the algorithms, key lengths, key formats, and key lifecycles.
The policy should be reviewed and updated regularly to reflect the changes in the technology, the business environment, and the legal requirements.
The cryptographic keys should be managed through their whole lifecycle, from generation to destruction, in a secure and controlled manner, following the principles of need-to-know and segregation of duties.
The cryptographic keys should be protected from unauthorized access, disclosure, modification, loss, or theft, using appropriate physical and logical security measures, such as encryption, access control, backup, and audit.
The cryptographic keys should be changed or replaced periodically, or when there is a suspicion of compromise, following a defined process that ensures the continuity of the cryptographic services and the availability of the information.
The cryptographic keys should be securely destroyed when they are no longer required, or when they reach their end of life, using methods that prevent their recovery or reconstruction.
Reference:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Course Guide1
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit2
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information Security Management Systems - Requirements3 ISO/IEC 27002:2022 Code of Practice for Information Security Controls4 Understanding Cryptographic Controls in Information Security5
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Question 104

What should an organization allocate to ensure the maintenance and improvement of the information security management system?

Correct Answer: B
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 10.2.2, the organization shall define and apply an information security incident management process that includes the following activities:
* reporting information security events and weaknesses;
* assessing information security events and classifying them as information security incidents;
* responding to information security incidents according to their classification;
* learning from information security incidents, including identifying causes, taking corrective actions and preventive actions, and communicating the results and actions taken;
* collecting evidence, where applicable.
The standard does not specify who should perform these activities, as long as they are done in a consistent and effective manner. Therefore, the organization may choose to conduct forensic investigation internally or by using external consultants, depending on its needs, resources, and capabilities. However, the organization should ensure that the external consultants are competent, trustworthy, and comply with the organization's policies and procedures.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 10.2.2; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Incident Management.
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