Which of the following problem-solving tools is a column graph which displays a static picture of the process?

• A.Histogram.
• B.Cause and effect diagram.
• C.Control chart.
• D.Pareto chart.

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An improvement in quality costs is MOST clearly indicated when:

• A.Prevention costs increase.
• B.Appraisal and failure costs drop.
• C.Total quality costs fall below 15% of total sales.
• D.Management objectives are met.

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Typically Pareto diagrams are used for which of the following reasons?
I. To display the significant few categories.
II. To compliment attribute data charting.
III. To eliminate insignificant categories.
IV. To focus attention in priority order.

• A.II, III and IV only
• B.I, II and III only
• C.I, II, III and IV
• D.I and III only

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The Shewhart or Deming cycle is often referred to as

• A.Plan-do-check-act.
• B.The affinity diagram.
• C.The cause and effect diagram.
• D.Problem solving flow chart.

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An X-bar and R chart with n=5 has been plotted for some time and has demonstrated random variation. Upon review of the last 30 plot points, the expected number of runs around the centerline on the X-bar chart is expected to be approximately which of the following?

• A.4
• B.9
• C.16
• D.12

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