Imitation training can be made MOST beneficial for clients when it includes a range oF.

• A.settings.
• B.reinforcers.
• C.prompts.
• D.models.

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Tokens are generally referred to as:

• A.Generalized conditioned reinforcers
• B.Negative reinforcers
• C.Conditioned reinforcers
• D.SDs

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Which of the following could NOT function as an unconditioned punisher?

• A.social disapproval
• B.excessive stimulation
• C.a bitter taste
• D.physical restraint

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An establishing operation is any change in the environment which.

• A.alters the timing of a behavior and momentarily alters the frequency of the behavior that was previously followed by reinforcement.
• B.momentarily alters the effectiveness of the consequence for a behavior that was previously followed by reinforcement.
• C.alters the effectiveness of some object or event as a contingency-shaped rule and at the same time changes the momentary frequency of the behavior that was previously followed by reinforcement.
• D.alters the effectiveness of some object or event as reinforcement thus momentarily changing the likelihood of behavior that was previously followed by that reinforcer.

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You are working with a client who finds physical touch to be aversive. When the person is off task, the program calls for you to give a warning by counting to 10; at that point, you gently touch him if he is not back on task. The touch remains until he returns to task. Please note that being touched is aversive for this particular individual. If the person gets back on task during counting, this is an example of:

• A.Avoidance
• B.Escape
• C.Positive reinforcement
• D.Stimulus fading

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