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  2. CompTIA Certification
  3. PT0-002 Exam
  4. CompTIA.PT0-002.v2025-09-27.q272 Dumps
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Question 121

After compromising a system, a penetration tester wants more information in order to decide what actions to take next. The tester runs the following commands:

Which of the following attacks is the penetration tester most likely trying to perform?

Correct Answer: A
The penetration tester is most likely trying to perform a metadata service attack, which is an attack that exploits a vulnerability in the metadata service of a cloud provider. The metadata service is a service that provides information about the cloud instance, such as its IP address, hostname, credentials, user data, or role permissions. The metadata service can be accessed from within the cloud instance by using a special IP address, such as 169.254.169.254 for AWS, Azure, and GCP. The commands that the penetration tester runs are curl commands, which are used to transfer data from or to a server. The curl commands are requesting data from the metadata service IP address with different paths, such as /latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials/ and /latest/user-data/. These paths can reveal sensitive information about the cloud instance, such as its IAM role credentials or user data scripts. The penetration tester may use this information to escalate privileges, access other resources, or perform other actions on the cloud environment. The other options are not likely attacks that the penetration tester is trying to perform.
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Question 122

A penetration tester learned that when users request password resets, help desk analysts change users' passwords to 123change. The penetration tester decides to brute force an internet-facing webmail to check which users are still using the temporary password. The tester configures the brute-force tool to test usernames found on a text file and the... Which of the following techniques is the penetration tester using?

Correct Answer: A
Explanation
The penetration tester is using a password brute force attack, which is a type of password guessing attack that involves trying many possible combinations of passwords against a single username or account. A password brute force attack can be effective when the password is known to be weak, simple, or predictable, such as a default or temporary password. In this case, the penetration tester knows that the help desk analysts change users' passwords to 123change when they request password resets, and decides to brute force the webmail with this password and a list of usernames. A password brute force attack can be done by using tools such as Hydra, which can perform parallelized login attacks against various protocols and services1. The other options are not techniques that the penetration tester is using. SQL injection is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in a web application that allows an attacker to execute malicious SQL statements on a database server. Password spraying is a type of password guessing attack that involves trying one or a few common passwords against many usernames or accounts. Kerberoasting is a type of attack that exploits a vulnerability in the Kerberos authentication protocol that allows an attacker to request and crack service tickets for service accounts with weak passwords.
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Question 123

A penetration tester is reviewing the following SOW prior to engaging with a client:
"Network diagrams, logical and physical asset inventory, and employees' names are to be treated as client confidential. Upon completion of the engagement, the penetration tester will submit findings to the client's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) via encrypted protocols and subsequently dispose of all findings by erasing them in a secure manner." Based on the information in the SOW, which of the following behaviors would be considered unethical?
(Choose two.)

Correct Answer: C,D
Explanation
These two behaviors would be considered unethical because they violate the principles of honesty, integrity, and confidentiality that penetration testers should adhere to. Failing to share critical vulnerabilities with the client would be dishonest and unprofessional, as it would compromise the quality and value of the assessment and potentially expose the client to greater risks. Seeking help in underground hacker forums by sharing the client's public IP address would be a breach of confidentiality and trust, as it would expose the client's identity and information to malicious actors who may exploit them.
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Question 124

During an assessment, a penetration tester found a suspicious script that could indicate a prior compromise.
While reading the script, the penetration tester noticed the following lines of code:

Which of the following was the script author trying to do?

Correct Answer: A
The script author was trying to spawn a local shell by using the os.system() function, which executes a command in a subshell. The command being executed is "/bin/bash", which is the path to the bash shell, a common shell program on Linux systems. The script author may have wanted to spawn a local shell to gain more control or access over the compromised system, or to execute other commands that are not possible in the original shell. The other options are not plausible explanations for what the script author was trying to do.
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Question 125

A penetration tester is testing a new API for the company's existing services and is preparing the following script:

Which of the following would the test discover?

Correct Answer: A
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