What project management plan is most likely to direct the quantitative risk analysis process for a project in a matrix environment?
Correct Answer: C
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: The risk management plan defines how risks will be identified, analyzed, responded to, and then monitored and controlled regardless of the structure of the organization. AnswerD is incorrect. The human resources management plan does define how risks will be analyzed. Answer: B is incorrect. The staffing management plan does define how risks will be analyzed. Answer: A is incorrect. The risk analysis plan does define how risks will be analyzed.
Question 42
Fill in the blank with an appropriate phrase. is used to provide security mechanisms for the storage, processing, and transfer of data.
Correct Answer: A
Data classification is used to protect the data based on its sensitivity, secrecy, and confidentiality. It provides security mechanisms for storage, processing, and transfer of data. Data classification also helps to verify the effort, funds, and resources allocated to save the data, and controls access to it.
Question 43
You work as a Security Manager for Tech Perfect Inc. You find that some applications have failed to encrypt network traffic while ensuring secure communications in the organization. Which of the following will you use to resolve the issue?
Correct Answer: B
In order to resolve the issue, you should use TLS (Transport Layer Security). Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol that provides security and data integrity for communications over networks such as the Internet. TLS and SSL encrypt the segments of network connections at the Transport Layer end-to-end. Several versions of the protocols are in wide-spread use in applications like web browsing, electronic mail, Internet faxing, instant messaging, and voice-over-IP (VoIP). The TLS protocol, an application layer protocol, allows client/server applications to communicate across a network in a way designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, and message forgery. TLS provides endpoint authentication and communications confidentiality over the Internet using cryptography. Answer C is incorrect. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) is a method of securing data. It secures traffic by using encryption and digital signing. It enhances the security of data as if an IPSec packet is captured, its contents cannot be read. IPSec also provides sender verification that ensures the certainty of the datagram's origin to the receiver. Answer D is incorrect. Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) protocol is a protocol used in the Universal Resource Locater (URL) address line to connect to a secure site. If a site has been made secure by using the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) then HTTPS, instead of HTTP protocol, should be used as a protocol type in the URL. Answer A is incorrect. The SCP (secure copy) protocol is a network protocol that supports file transfers. The SCP protocol, which runs on port 22, is based on the BSD RCP protocol which is tunneled through the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol to provide encryption and authentication. SCP might not even be considered a protocol itself, but merely a combination of RCP and SSH. The RCP protocol performs the file transfer and the SSH protocol performs authentication and encryption. SCP protects the authenticity and confidentiality of the data in transit. It hinders the ability for packet sniffers to extract usable information from the data packets.
Question 44
Which of the following sections come under the ISO/IEC 27002 standard?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: ISO/IEC 27002 is an information security standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) as ISO/IEC 17799:2005. This standard contains the following twelve main sections: 1.Risk assessment: It refers to assessment of risk. 2.Security policy: It deals with the security management. 3.Organization of information security: It deals with governance of information security. 4.Asset management: It refers to inventory and classification of information assets. 5.Human resources security: It deals with security aspects for employees joining, moving and leaving an organization. 6.Physical and environmental security: It is related to protection of the computer facilities. 7.Communications and operations management: It is the management of technical security controls in systems and networks. 8.Access control: It deals with the restriction of access rights to networks, systems, applications, functions and data. 9.Information systems acquisition, development and maintenance: It refers to build security into applications. 10.Information security incident management: It refers to anticipate and respond appropriately to information security breaches. 11.Business continuity management: It deals with protecting, maintaining and recovering business-critical processes and systems. 12.Compliance: It is used for ensuring conformance with information security policies, standards, laws and regulations. AnswerC is incorrect. Financial assessment does not come under the ISO/IEC 27002 standard.
Question 45
Which of the following security models characterizes the rights of each subject with respect to every object in the computer system?
Correct Answer: D
The access matrix or access control matrix is an abstract, formal security model of protection state in computer systems that characterizes the rights of each subject with respect to every object in the system. It was first introduced by Butler W. Lampson in 1971. According to the access matrix model, the protection state of a computer system can be abstracted as a set of objects 'O', that is the set of entities that needs to be protected (e.g. processes, files, memory pages) and a set of subjects 'S' that consists of all active entities (e.g. users, processes). Further there exists a set of rights 'R' of the form r(s,o), where s S, o O and r(s,o) R. A right thereby specifies the kind of access a subject is allowed to process with regard to an object. Answer B is incorrect. The Bell-La Padula Model is a state machine model used for enforcing access control in government and military applications. The model is a formal state transition model of computer security policy that describes a set of access control rules which use security labels on objects and clearances for subjects. Security labels range from the most sensitive (e.g.,"Top Secret"), down to the least sensitive (e.g., "Unclassified" or "Public"). The Bell-La Padula model focuses on data confidentiality and controlled access to classified information, in contrast to the Biba Integrity Model which describes rules for the protection of data integrity. Answer A is incorrect. The Clark-Wilson model provides a foundation for specifying and analyzing an integrity policy for a computing system. The model is primarily concerned with formalizing the notion of information integrity. Information integrity is maintained by preventing corruption of data items in a system due to either error or malicious intent. The model's enforcement and certification rules define data items and processes that provide the basis for an integrity policy. The core of the model is based on the notion of a transaction. Answer C is incorrect. The Biba model is a formal state transition system of computer security policy that describes a set of access control rules designed to ensure data integrity. Data and subjects are grouped into ordered levels of integrity. The model is designed so that subjects may not corrupt data in a level ranked higher than the subject, or be corrupted by data from a lower level than the subject.
