Which of the following agencies is responsible for funding the development of many technologies such as computer networking, as well as NLS?
Correct Answer: C
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military. DARPA has been responsible for funding the development of many technologies which have had a major effect on the world, including computer networking, as well as NLS, which was both the first hypertext system, and an important precursor to the contemporary ubiquitous graphical user interface. DARPA supplies technological options for the entire Department, and is designed to be the "technological engine" for transforming DoD. Answer D is incorrect. The Defense Information Systems Agency is a United States Department of Defense combat support agency with the goal of providing real-time information technology (IT) and communications support to the President, Vice President, Secretary of Defense, the military Services, and the Combatant Commands. DISA, a Combat Support Agency, engineers and provides command and control capabilities and enterprise infrastructure to continuously operate and assure a global net-centric enterprise in direct support to joint warfighters, National level leaders, and other mission and coalition partners across the full spectrum of operations. Answer B is incorrect. The Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) is a repository of scientific and technical documents for the United States Department of Defense. DTIC serves the DoD community as the largest central resource for DoD and government-funded scientific, technical, engineering, and business related information available today. DTIC's documents are available to DoD personnel and defense contractors, with unclassified documents also available to the public. DTIC's aim is to serve a vital link in the transfer of information among DoD personnel, DoD contractors, and potential contractors and other U.S. Government agency personnel and their contractors. Answer A is incorrect. The Defense-wide Information Assurance Program (DIAP) protects and supports DoD information, information systems, and information networks, which is important to the Department and the armed forces throughout the day-to-day operations, and in the time of crisis. The DIAP uses the OSD method to plan, observe, organize, and incorporate IA activities. The role of DIAP is to act as a facilitator for program execution by the combatant commanders, Military Services, and Defense Agencies. The DIAP staff combines functional and programmatic skills for a comprehensive Defense-wide approach to IA. The DIAP's main objective is to ensure that the DoD's vital information resources are secured and protected by incorporating IA activities to get a secure net-centric GIG operation enablement and information supremacy by applying a Defense-in-Depth methodology that integrates the capabilities of people, operations, and technology to establish a multi-layer, multidimensional protection.
Question 17
In which of the following DIACAP phases is residual risk analyzed?
Correct Answer: D
The Department of Defense Information Assurance Certification and Accreditation Process (DIACAP) is a process defined by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) for managing risk. The Certification Determination and Accreditation phase is the third phase in the DIACAP process. Its subordinate tasks are as follows: Analyze residual risk. Issue certification determination. Make accreditation decision. Answer A is incorrect. Phase 1 is known as Initiate and Plan IA C&A. Answer C is incorrect. Phase 2 is used to implement and validate assigned IA controls. Answer E is incorrect. Phase 3 is used to make certification determination and accreditation decisions. Answer B is incorrect. Phase 5 is known as decommission system and is used to conduct activities related to the disposition of the system data and objects.
Question 18
An attacker exploits actual code of an application and uses a security hole to carry out an attack before the application vendor knows about the vulnerability. Which of the following types of attack is this?
Correct Answer: B
A zero-day attack, also known as zero-hour attack, is a computer threat that tries to exploit computer application vulnerabilities which are unknown to others, undisclosed to the software vendor, or for which no security fix is available. Zero-day exploits (actual code that can use a security hole to carry out an attack) are used or shared by attackers before the software vendor knows about the vulnerability. User awareness training is the most effective technique to mitigate such attacks. Answer A is incorrect. A replay attack is a type of attack in which attackers capture packets containing passwords or digital signatures whenever packets pass between two hosts on a network. In an attempt to obtain an authenticated connection, the attackers then resend the captured packet to the system. In this type of attack, the attacker does not know the actual password, but can simply replay the captured packet. Answer C is incorrect. Man-in-the-middle attacks occur when an attacker successfully inserts an intermediary software or program between two communicating hosts. The intermediary software or program allows attackers to listen to and modify the communication packets passing between the two hosts. The software intercepts the communication packets and then sends the information to the receiving host. The receiving host responds to the software, presuming it to be the legitimate client. Answer D is incorrect. A Denialof-Service (DoS) attack is mounted with the objective of causing a negative impact on the performance of a computer or network. It is also known as network saturation attack or bandwidth consumption attack. Attackers perform DoS attacks by sending a large number of protocol packets to a network.
Question 19
Which of the following are the levels of public or commercial data classification system? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: The public or commercial data classification is also built upon a four-level model, which are as follows: Public Sensitive Private Confidential Each level (top to bottom) represents an increasing level of sensitivity. The public level is similar to unclassified level military classification system. This level of data should not cause any damage if disclosed. Sensitive is a higher level of classification than public level data. This level of data requires a greater level of protection to maintain confidentiality. The Private level of data is intended for company use only. Disclosure of this level of data can damage the company. The Confidential level of data is considered very sensitive and is intended for internal use only. Disclosure of this level of data can cause serious damage to the company. AnswerC and E are incorrect. Unclassified and secret are the levels of military data classification.
Question 20
Which of the following characteristics are described by the DIAP Information Readiness Assessment function? Each correct answer represents a complete solution. Choose all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Explanation/Reference: Explanation: The characteristics of the DIAP Information Readiness Assessment function are as follows: It provides data needed to accurately assess IA readiness. It identifies and generates IA requirements. It performs vulnerability/threat analysis assessment. AnswerA is incorrect. It is a function performed by the ASSET system.
