Consider the following user story about an e-commerce website's registration feature that only allows registered users to make purchases:
"As a new user, I want to register to the website, so that I can start shopping online" The following are some of the acceptance criteria defined for the user story:
[a]The registration form consists of the following fields: username, email address, first name, last name, date of birth, password and repeat password
[b]To submit the registration request, the new user must fill in all the fields of the registration form with valid values and must agree to the terms and conditions
[c]To be valid, the email address must not be provided by free online mail services that allow to create disposable email addresses. A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid address is entered
[d]To be valid, the first name and last name must contain only alphabetic characters and must be between 2 and 80 characters long. A dedicated error message must be presented to inform the new user when an invalid first name and/or the last name is entered
[e]After submitting the registration request, the new user must receive an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form Based only on the given information, which of the following ATDD tests is most likely to be written first?

• A.The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the email address, where he/she enters an e-mail address provided by a free online mail service that allow to create disposable email addresses. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue
• B.The new user enters valid values in the fields of the registration form, except for the first name, where he/she enters a first name with 10 characters that contains a number. Then he/she is informed by the website about this issue
• C.The user accesses the website with username and password, and successfully places a purchase order for five items, paying by Mastercard credit card EV
• D.The new user enters valid values in all the fields of the registration form, confirms to accept all the terms and conditions, submits the registration request and then receives an e-mail containing the confirmation link to the e-mail address specified in the registration form

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Which of the following applications will be the MOST suitable for testing by Use Cases

• A.Accuracy and usability of a new Navigation system compared with previous system
• B.A billing system used to calculate monthly charge based or large number of subscribers parameters
• C.The ability of an Anti virus package to detect and quarantine a new threat
• D.Suitability and performance of a Multi media (audio video based) system to a new operating system

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Which of the following statements about the shift-left approach is true?

• A.Shift-left in testing can be implemented only in Agile/DevOps frameworks, as it relies completely on automated testing activities performed within a continuous integration process
• B.Performance testing performed during component testing, is a form of shift-left in testing that avoids planning and executing costly end-to-end testing at the system test level in a production-like environment
• C.Shift-left in testing can be implemented in several ways to find functional defects early in the lifecycle, but it cannot be relied upon to find defects associated with non-functional characteristics
• D.Continuous integration supports shift-left in testing as it can reduce the time between the introduction of a defect and its detection, thereby reducing the cost to fix it

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Which of the following statements about static testing and dynamic testing is true?

• A.Unlike dynamic testing, which can be also performed manually, static testing cannot be performed without specialized tools
• B.Static testing is usually much less cost-effective than dynamic testing
• C.Unlike dynamic testing, which focuses on detecting potential defects, static testing focuses on detecting failures which may be due to actual defects
• D.Both static testing and dynamic testing can be used to highlight issues associated with non-functional characteristics

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Which of the following statements best describes how configuration management supports testing?

• A.Configuration management helps reduce testing effort by identifying a manageable number of test environment configurations in which to test the software, out of all possible configurations of the environment in which the software will be released
• B.Configuration management is an administrative discipline that includes change control, which is the process of controlling the changes to identified items referred to as Configuration Items'
• C.Configuration management is an approach to interoperability testing where tests are executed in the cloud, as the cloud can provide cost-effective access to multiple configurations of the test environments
• D.Configuration management helps ensure that all relevant project documentation and software items are uniquely identified in all their versions and therefore can be unambiguously referenced in test documentation

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