Virtualization is a technology that enables multiple virtual machines (logical computers) to run on a single physical hardware system. This is achieved by using software (hypervisors) to create and manage these virtual machines, allowing for better resource utilization and isolation between different environments. Reference: " Virtualization Essentials " by Matthew Portnoy. VMware vSphere documentation, which explains the principles and benefits of virtualization.
Question 47
Which of the following tests should be conducted on software that will be used internationally?
Correct Answer: D
Test matrices are essential for software that will be used internationally because they help organize and manage various test cases and scenarios, including those related to localization and internationalization. Test matrices ensure that all aspects of the software's functionality, user interface, and performance across different regions and languages are systematically tested. This includes checking date formats, currency symbols, character encoding, and other locale-specificrequirements. Logical path analysis, predefined function keys, and boundary value analysis are valuable tests but do not specifically address the comprehensive needs of international software testing.References: * Internationalization and localization testing guidelines, ISO/IEC 25051. * Pressman, Roger S. "Software Engineering: A Practitioner's Approach." 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill, 2014.
Question 48
Which of the following steps is taken first when managing earned value metrics?
Correct Answer: A
The first step in managing earned value metrics is determining the critical resources to be tracked. This is essential because earned value management (EVM) relies on accurate data regarding resources to measure project performance and progress. Identifying which resources (such as labor, materials, and equipment) are critical ensures that the EVM metrics (planned value, earned value, and actual cost) are based on reliable and relevant data, which in turn supports better decision-making and project control. References: * "Earned Value Project Management" by Quentin W. Fleming and Joel M. Koppelman * "A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)" by Project Management Institute (PMI)
Question 49
Which of the following categories describes acquirer-type stakeholders?
Correct Answer: C
Acquirer-type stakeholders are those who acquire the software or service, which typ y includes both indirect and direct users, as well as customers. These stakeholders are directly involved in the acquisition and usage of the software, making them key participants in determining requirements and evaluating the final product. Reference: IEEE 12207 standard for software lifecycle processes, which defines stakeholders in software acquisition and development.
Question 50
A cost of quality system is designed to
Correct Answer: D
A cost of quality system is designed to identify and measure costs related to quality and poor quality, especially the costs caused by nonconformance. In software quality engineering, these costs include internal failure costs such as rework, retesting, defect analysis, scrap, and delays, and external failure costs such as support, warranty work, customer dissatisfaction, patches, and post-release failures. Prevention and appraisal costs are also tracked to understand investment in quality activities. The purpose is not only to budget improvement efforts or identify best practices, although those may result from analysis. It is also broader than general product development cost. The best answer is measuring the cost of nonconformances because poor- quality costs reveal where improvement is economically justified.
