Technological uncertainty, subsidy, and spin-offs are usually characteristics of:

• A.Emerging industries.
• B.Mature industries.
• C.Fragmented industries.
• D.Declining industries.

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According to IIA guidance, which of the following best describes an adequate management (audit.) trail application control for the general ledger?

• A.Report confirming that the general ledger data was processed without error
• B.Report comparing processing results with original Input
• C.Report identifying general ledger transactions by time and individual.
• D.Report identifying data that is outside of system parameters

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Which of the following is a malicious program, the purpose of which is to reproduce itself throughout the network and produce a denial of service attack by excessively utilizing system resources?

• A.Logic bomb.
• B.Virus.
• C.Worm.
• D.Trojan horse.

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Which of the following statements is true regarding cost-volume-profit analysis?

• A.Contribution margin is the amount remaining from sales revenue after fixed expenses have been deducted.
• B.Breakeven point is the amount of units sold to cover variable costs.
• C.Breakeven occurs when the contribution margin covers fixed costs.
• D.Following breakeven, net operating income will increase by the excess of fixed costs less the variable costs per units sold.

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Intensive distribution is most likely to be used for:

• A.Shopping goods.
• B.Specialty goods.
• C.Convenience goods.
• D.Unsought goods.

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