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  1. Home
  2. ISA Certification
  3. ISA-IEC-62443 Exam
  4. ISA.ISA-IEC-62443.v2026-10-28.q147 Dumps
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Question 121

Which of the following is an element of security policy, organization, and awareness?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Correct Answer: B
According to the ISA/IEC 62443-2-1 standard, security policy, organization, and awareness is one of the four foundational requirements for an IACS security management system. It defines the "policies, procedures, and organizational structure necessary to support the security program" 1. One of the elements of this requirement is staff training and security awareness, which involves "providing appropriate security education and training to all personnel who have access to or are responsible for IACS components" 1. This element aims to ensure that the staff are aware of the security risks, policies, and procedures, and are able to perform their roles and responsibilities in a secure manner. Staff training and security awareness can include topics such as security principles, threats and vulnerabilities, incident response, password management, physical security, and social engineering 2. References:
* ISA/IEC 62443 Series of Standards - ISA
* Security of Industrial Automation and Control Systems - ISAGCA
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Question 122

What are the connections between security zones called?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Correct Answer: D
According to the ISA/IEC 62443 standard, the connections between security zones are called conduits. A conduit is defined as a logical or physical grouping of communication channels connecting two or more zones that share common security requirements. A conduit can be used to control and monitor the data flow between zones, and to apply security measures such as encryption, authentication, filtering, or logging. A conduit can also be used to isolate zones from each other in case of a security breach or incident. A conduit can be implemented using various technologies, such as firewalls, routers, switches, cables, or wireless links.
However, these technologies are not synonymous with conduits, as they are only components of a conduit. A firewall, for example, can be used to create multiple conduits between different zones, or to protect a single zone from external threats. Therefore, the other options (firewalls, tunnels, and pathways) are not correct names for the connections between security zones. References:
ISA/IEC 62443-3-2:2016 - Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-2: Security risk assessment and system design1 ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels2 Zones and Conduits | Tofino Industrial Security Solution3 Key Concepts of ISA/IEC 62443: Zones & Security Levels | Dragos4
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Question 123

Which factor drives the selection of countermeasures?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Correct Answer: B
The selection of countermeasures is driven by the output from a risk assessment, which identifies the risks and their associated likelihood and consequences for each zone and conduit in the industrial automation and control system (IACS). The risk assessment also determines the target security level (SL-T) for each zone and conduit, which represents the desired level of protection against the identified threats. The countermeasures are then selected based on the SL-T and the existing security level (SL-A) of the zone and conduit, as well as the cost and feasibility of implementation. The countermeasures should aim to reduce the risk to an acceptable level by increasing the SL-A to meet or exceed the SL-T. References: ISA/IEC 62443-3-2:2018 - Security risk assessment for system design, ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013 - System security requirements and security levels, ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Training Course
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Question 124

What are the four main categories for documents in the ISA-62443 (IEC 62443) series?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)

Correct Answer: C
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Question 125

If a U.S. federal agency must comply with mandatory cybersecurity requirements under law, which document would they be required to follow?

Correct Answer: A
For U.S. federal agencies, mandatory cybersecurity requirements under law are established through Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS). FIPS are issued by the U.S. government and are legally enforceable for federal agencies and contractors when specified by statute or regulation. This legal enforceability distinguishes FIPS from voluntary standards and frameworks.
Step 1: Understand the legal nature of FIPS
FIPS are developed under U.S. law to define minimum security requirements for federal information systems.
When a federal agency operates or procures information systems, compliance with applicable FIPS is mandatory. This makes FIPS a legal obligation rather than a best-practice recommendation.
Step 2: Differentiate standards vs regulations
ISA/IEC 62443 is an international consensus-based standard intended primarily for industrial automation and control systems. While widely adopted and referenced by regulators, it is not legally mandatory unless explicitly incorporated into law or contracts. Therefore, it does not satisfy the requirement "under law" by itself.
Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options
* The EU Cyber Resilience Act applies to products placed on the European Union market and has no jurisdiction over U.S. federal agencies.
* NIST SP 800-171 provides requirements for protecting Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) in non-federal systems, but it becomes mandatory only through contractual flow-downs, not directly as federal law.
Step 4: Align with ISA/IEC 62443 perspective
ISA/IEC 62443 acknowledges that regulatory and legal obligations override voluntary standards. Asset owners must comply with applicable laws first, then apply ISA/IEC 62443 controls to meet industrial cybersecurity objectives.
Thus, for a U.S. federal agency facing mandatory cybersecurity requirements under law, NIST FIPS is the correct answer.
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