Which of the following options is correct with respect to the differentiation of black-box techniques, white-box techniques, and experience-based testing?
Correct Answer: B
Question 62
The following 4 equivalence classes are given: Which of the following alternatives includes correct test values for x. based on equivalence partitioning?
Correct Answer: D
The question is about selecting the correct test values for x based on equivalence partitioning. Equivalence partitioning is a software test design technique that divides the input data of a software unit into partitions of equivalent data from which test cases can be derived. In this case, the given equivalence classes are: (x \leq -100) (-100 < x < 100) (100 \leq x < 1000) (x \geq 1000) Option D provides a value from each of these partitions: For (x \leq -100), it gives -1000. For (-100 < x < 100), it gives -100 and 100. For (100 \leq x < 1000), it gives 500. For (x \geq 1000), it gives 1500. So, option D covers all four given equivalence classes with appropriate values. Reference: 1: ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 38 2: ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 39 3: ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus 2018, Version 4.0, p. 40
Question 63
Which of the following is not an example of a typical content of a test completion report for a test project?
Correct Answer: D
This answer is correct because the test procedures of all test cases that have been executed are not a typical content of a test completion report for a test project. A test completion report is a document that summarizes the test activities and results at the end of a test project. It usually includes information such as the test objectives, scope, approach, resources, schedule, results, deviations, issues, risks, lessons learned, and recommendations for improvement. The test procedures of all test cases that have been executed are part of the test documentation, but they are not relevant for the test completion report, as they do not provide a high-level overview of the test project outcomes and performance. Reference: ISTQB Foundation Level Syllabus v4.0, Section 2.5.3.2
Question 64
You are testing the latest version of an air-traffic control system prior to production deployment using exploratory testing. After following an unusual sequence of input steps, the system crashes. After the crash, you document a defect report with the following information: *Title: System crashes unexpectedly during input. *Brief summary: System crashes when an unusual sequence of inputs is used. *Version: V1.001 *Test: Exploratory testing prior to production deployment *Priority: Urgent *Risk: High *References: Screenshot of crashed application What critical Information Is missing from this report?
Correct Answer: C
The critical information missing from the defect report is a detailed description of the defect to enable reproduction. A clear and concise description of the steps taken to reproduce the defect is essential for developers to understand the context and to be able to replicate the issue in their environment. Without this information, it can be challenging to diagnose and fix the defect. The ISTQB CTFL syllabus emphasizes the importance of providing all necessary details in a defect report to facilitate effective communication and resolution. References: ISTQB CTFL Syllabus, Section 5.5, "Defect Management."
Question 65
Which of the following issues cannot be identified by static analysis tools?
Correct Answer: A
Static analysis tools are software tools that examine the source code of a program without executing it. They can detect various types of issues, such as syntax errors, coding standards violations, security vulnerabilities, and potential bugs12. However, static analysis tools cannot identify issues that depend on the runtime behavior or performance of the program, such as very low MTBF (Mean Time Between failure)3. MTBF is a measure of the reliability of a system or component. It is calculated by dividing the total operating time by the number of failures. MTBF reflects how often a system or component fails during its expected lifetime. Static analysis tools cannot measure MTBF because they do not run the program or observe its failures. MTBF can only be estimated by dynamic testing, which involves executing the program under various conditions and collecting data on its failures4. Therefore, very low MTBF is anissue that cannot be identified by static analysis tools. The other options, such as potentially endless loops, referencing a variable with an undefined value, and security vulnerabilities, are issues that can be identified by static analysis tools. Static analysis tools can detect potentially endless loops by analyzing the control flow and data flow of the program and checking for conditions that may never become false5. Static analysis tools can detect referencing a variable with an undefined value by checking the scope and initialization of variables and reporting any use of uninitialized variables6. Static analysis tools can detect security vulnerabilities by checking for common patterns of insecure code, such as buffer overflows, SQL injections, cross-site scripting, and weak encryption. References = What Is Static Analysis? Static Code Analysis Tools - Perforce Software, How Static Code Analysis Works | Perforce, Static Code Analysis: Techniques, Top 5 Benefits & 3 Challenges, What is MTBF? Mean Time Between Failures Explained | Perforce, Static analysis tools - Software Testing MCQs - CareerRide, ISTQB_Chapter3 | Quizizz, [Static Code Analysis for Security Vulnerabilities | Perforce].
