If Product Backlog refinement is needed, when is the ideal time for refinement to take place and who should participate? (choose the best two answers)
Correct Answer: A,E
The ideal time for refinement to take place and who should participate are the Scrum Team during the current Sprint, if they have been unable during preceding Sprints to define Product Backlog items with enough precision to begin work, and the Scrum Team on an ongoing basis, defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items that are ready for selection. This is because: * Product Backlog refinement is the act of adding detail, estimates, and order to Product Backlog items. It is an ongoing and collaborative process that involves the whole Scrum Team. * The Scrum Team should refine the Product Backlog as needed to ensure that there are enough items that are sufficiently clear and ready for selection in Sprint Planning. The amount of time spent on refinement usually varies from one Scrum Team to another, but it is recommended not to exceed 10% of the capacity of the Developers. * The Scrum Team may also use a Sprint to refine the Product Backlog if they have not been able to do so in previous Sprints. This may happen when the product is new or complex, or when there is a significant change in the product vision or direction. However, this should be an exception rather than a rule, as it may delay the delivery of value and feedback. Other options, such as business analysts doing the refinement work for the Scrum Team, the Product Owner doing the refinement alone in Sprint 0 or between Sprints, or handing off the ownership of the Product Backlog to someone else, are not consistent with the principles and values of Scrum. They may lead to misunderstandings, misalignment, or loss of ownership and accountability. References: * [Scrum Guide], page 11, section "Product Backlog" * [Scrum Guide], page 12, section "Product Backlog Refinement" * [Professional Scrum Product Owner™ Training], page 7, section "Product Backlog Management" * [Professional Scrum Product Owner™ Training], page 8, section "Release Management" * [Professional Scrum Product Owner™ Training], page 9, section "Business Strategy"
Question 37
The Sprint length can be 1 week.
Correct Answer: A
Question 38
A Scrum Master is working with a Scrum Team that has Developers in different physical locations. The Developers meet in a variety of meeting rooms and have much to do logistically (for example: reserve meeting rooms and set up conference calls) before the Daily Scrum. What action should the Scrum Master take? (choose the best answer)
Correct Answer: A
Explanation The Scrum Master should allow the Developers to self-manage and determine for themselves what to do because: * It respects the autonomy and empowerment of the Developers. The Developers are accountable for organizing and managing their own work, and they are the best people to decide how to conduct their Daily Scrum. The Scrum Master should not impose or dictate how the meeting should be set up or run, as that would undermine the self-organization and collaboration of the Developers. * It supports the continuous improvement and adaptation of the Developers. The Developers are expected to inspect and adapt their process and practices, and to find ways to overcome any challenges or impediments they face. The Scrum Master should not solve the problems for them, but rather facilitate their problem-solving and learning abilities. * It aligns with the role and responsibilities of the Scrum Master. The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum, and for helping everyone understand and enact Scrum theory, values, principles, and practices. The Scrum Master is not a manager or a leader of the Developers, but rather a servant-leader who enables them to work effectively. References: * Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "Developers are the people in the Scrum Team that are committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint." * Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "The Developers are accountable for ... organizing and managing their work." * Scrum Guide 2020, page 12: "The Developers can select whatever structure and techniques they want, as long as their Daily Scrum focuses on progress toward the Sprint Goal and produces an actionable plan for the next day of work. This creates focus and improves self-management." * Scrum Guide 2020, page 13: "The Daily Scrum is an internal meeting for the Developers. If others are present, the Scrum Master ensures that they do not disrupt the meeting." * Scrum Guide 2020, page 7: "The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the * Scrum Guide. They do this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization."
Question 39
True or False: The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint.
Correct Answer: A
* The Scrum Team is a self-organizing and cross-functional team that delivers valuable products in an agile way. The Scrum Team consists of one Product Owner, one Scrum Master, and Developers. They are all accountable for creating a valuable, useful, and potentially releasable product Increment each Sprint. * An Increment is a concrete stepping stone toward the product vision. It is the sum of all the Product Backlog items completed during a Sprint and the value of the increments of all previous Sprints. At the end of a Sprint, the new Increment must be "Done", which means it meets the Definition of Done and is usable. * The Scrum Team is accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint, not just once or occasionally. This means that the Scrum Team must deliver a product functionality that provides value to the customers and users and contributes to the product goals and missions. The value of an increment can be measured by various factors, such as customer satisfaction, feedback, revenue, market share, or social impact. * The Scrum Team is also accountable for creating a valuable increment every Sprint, not just any increment. This means that the Scrum Team must deliver a product functionality that meets the quality standards and expectations of the customers and users and complies with the Definition of Done. The * quality of an increment can be measured by various factors, such as usability, reliability, performance, security, or maintainability. References: * Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html * Scrum Team: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-scrum-team * Increment: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-an-increment
Question 40
The Product Owner is the person who will be held accountable if a product does not achieve its goals or deliver value. Does this mean that the Product Owner has the final say over the Definition of Done? (choose the best answer)
Correct Answer: B
Explanation The Definition of Done is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality measures required for the product. The Definition of Done is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment. The Definition of Done is defined by the Scrum Team, not by the Product Owner alone. The Scrum Team consists of one Product Owner, one Scrum Master, and Developers. They are all accountable for creating a valuable, useful, and potentially releasable product Increment each Sprint. The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for managing and refining the Product Backlog, collaborating with the stakeholders and the Developers, and ordering the items in a way that best achieves goals and missions. The Product Owner represents the interests of everyone with a stake in the product and ensures that the Scrum Team works on the right things at the right time. The Developers are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment that meets the Definition of Done each Sprint. The Developers are responsible for planning and executing the Sprint Backlog, designing and building the product functionality, testing and improving the product quality, and delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Developers work closely with the Product Owner to understand and clarify the Product Backlog items, provide feedback and estimates, and suggest improvements and innovations. The Scrum Master is accountable for establishing Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. The Scrum Master is responsible for promoting and supporting Scrum as defined in the Scrum Guide. The Scrum Master does this by helping everyone understand Scrum theory and practice, both within the Scrum Team and the organization. The Definition of Done may vary from one Scrum Team to another, depending on the context and domain of work. However, it must be consistent within one team. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on one product, they must share a common Definition of Done. If there is an organizational standard for a Definition of Done, all Scrum Teams must follow it as a minimum. References: Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html Definition of Done: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-definition-of-done Product Owner: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-product-owner Developers: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-developer-in-scrum Scrum Master: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-scrum-master
