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  1. Home
  2. PECB Certification
  3. ISO-IEC-42001-Lead-Auditor Exam
  4. PECB.ISO-IEC-42001-Lead-Auditor.v2025-06-28.q54 Dumps
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Question 31

A company develops an AI-based health monitoring system that provides insights and recommendations to users. However, users have reported that they do not understand how the system arrives at its recommendations. Which core element should the company enhance to improve user trust and understanding?

Correct Answer: C
The issue in this case revolves aroundusers not understanding the reasoning or logicbehind the AI- generated recommendations. The relevant core element isTransparency and Explainability.
According toISO/IEC 42001:2023 - Clause 6.1.2 and Clause 8.2.3, transparency refers to theclarity of processes, decisions, and data use, while explainability focuses on makingAI system outputs understandableto human users.
ThePECB Lead Auditor Guideidentifies this as a key factor in buildingtrust, usability, and ethical AI adoption, especially insensitive domainslike healthcare.
Reference: ISO/IEC 42001:2023 - Clause 6.1.2 (Risk and impact assessment), Clause 8.2.3 (Controls related to operational use) PECB Lead Auditor Guide - Domain 1: "Transparency and Explainability" in AI Ethics
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Question 32

Question:
Which of the following examples depicts frequent analysis?

Correct Answer: A
Frequent analysisinvolves ongoing or regularly performed assessments, such as interviews with employees regarding their role awareness.
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.5.5discusses auditor sampling and analysis, andfrequent analysisrefers to repeated testing of a processover time.
* Periodic financial reviews (annual) or one-time deployment checks don't qualify as frequent - but ongoing interviews and awareness checksdo.
Reference:ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.5.5; ISO/IEC 42001:2023 Clause 7.3 (Awareness).
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Question 33

Scenario 7 (continued):
Scenario 7: ICure, headquartered in Bratislava, is a medical institution known for its use of the latest technologies in medical practices. Ithas introduced groundbreaking Al-driven diagnostics and treatment planning tools that have fundamentally transformed patient care.
ICure has integrated a robust artificial intelligence management system AIMS to manage its Al systems effectively. This holisticmanagement framework ensures that ICure's Al applications are not only developed but also deployed and maintained to adhere to the highest industry standards, thereby enhancing efficiency and reliability.
ICure has initiated a comprehensive auditing process to validate its AIMS's effectiveness in alignment with ISO/IEC 42001. The stage 1audit involved an on-site evaluation by the audit team. The team evaluated the site-specific conditions, interacted with ICure's personnel, observed the deployed technologies, and reviewed the operations that support the AIMS. Following these observations, the findings weredocumented and communicated to ICure. setting the stage for subsequent actions.
Unforeseen delays and resource allocation issues introduced a significant gap between the completion of stage
1 and the onset of stage2 audits. This interval, while unplanned, provided an opportunity for reflection and preparation for upcoming challenges.
After four months, the audit team initiated the stage 2 audit. They evaluated AIMS's compliance with ISO
/IEC 42001 requirements, payingspecial attention to the complexity of processes and their documentation. It was during this phase that a critical observation was made:
ICure had not fully considered the complexity of its processes and their interactions when determining the extent of documentedinformation. Essential processes related to Al model training, validation, and deployment were not documented accurately, hinderingeffective control and management of these critical activities. This issue was recorded as a minor nonconformity, signaling a need forenhanced control and management of these vital activities.
Simultaneously, the auditor evaluated the appropriateness and effectiveness of the "AIMS Insight Strategy," a procedure developed by ICure to determine the AIMS internal and external challenges. This examination identified specific areas for improvement, particularly in the way stakeholder input was integrated into the system. It highlighted how this could significantly enhance the contribution of relevant parties in strengthening the system's resilience and effectiveness.
The audit team determined the audit findings by taking into consideration the requirements of ICure, the previous audit records and conclusions, the accuracy, sufficiency, and appropriateness of evidence, the extent to which planned audit activities are realized and planned results achieved, the sample size, and the categorization of the audit findings. The audit team decided to first record all the requirements met; then they proceeded to record the nonconformities.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Question:
Did the audit team consider all the necessary aspects when determining audit findings?

Correct Answer: B
The scenario states that the audit team considered:
* audit objectives
* audit criteria
* planned results
* sample size
* conformity to requirements
* and previous records - all key elements ofaudit evidence analysis.
* ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.4.5andISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.6confirm that audit findings must be based onobjective evidence, conformity criteria, and audit scope.This matches what the audit team did, confirming full compliance.
Reference:ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.4.5; ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.6.
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Question 34

Audit evidence must be:

Correct Answer: A
Audit evidencemust beobjective and verifiable, meaning that it can beconfirmed through observation, documentation, or reproducible results. This is a foundational principle of auditing as per:
* ISO 19011:2018 - Clause 3.8defines audit evidence as "records, statements of fact or other information which arerelevant to the audit criteria and verifiable."
* This principle is also emphasized in ISO/IEC 42001 during internal audits (Clause 9.2), ensuring that conclusions are based onfactual, traceable, and confirmabledata.
Verifiability ensures the credibility and reliability of audit findings, especially critical in evaluating AIMS due to the complexity and potential subjectivity of AI behaviors.
Reference: ISO 19011:2018 - Clause 3.8; Principle of evidence-based approach ISO/IEC 42001:2023 - Clause 9.2.2 (Internal audit process) PECB Lead Auditor Guide - Domain 3: "Audit Evidence and Findings"
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Question 35

Scenario 9 (continued):
Scenario 9: Securisai, located in Tallinn.Estonia, specializes in the development of automated cybersecurity solutions that utilize AIsystems. The company recently implemented an artificial intelligence management system AIMS in accordance with ISO/IEC 42001. Indoing so, the company aimed to manage its Al-driven systems' capabilities to detect and mitigate cyber threats more efficiently andethically. As part of its commitment to upholding the highest standards of Al use and management, Securisai underwent a certificationaudit to demonstrate compliance with ISO/IEC 42001.
The audit process comprised two main stages: the initial or stage 1 audit focused on reviewing Securisai's documentation, policies, andprocedures related to its AIMS. This review laid the groundwork for the stage 2 audit, which involved a comprehensive, on-site evaluation of the actual implementation and effectiveness of the AIMS within Securisai's operations. The goal was to observe the AIMS in operation,ensuring that it not only existed on paper but was effectively integrated into the company's daily activities and cybersecurity strategies.
After the audit, Roger, Securisai's internal auditor, addressed the action plans devised to rectify nonconformities identified during thecertification audit. He developed a long term strategy, highlighting key AIMS processes for triennial audits. Roger's internal audits play a key role in advancing Securisai's goals by employing a systematic and disciplined method to assess and boost the efficiency of risk management, governance processes, and strategic decision-making. Roger reported his findings directly to Securisai's top management.
Following the successful rectification of nonconformities, Securisai was officially certified against ISO/IEC
42001.
Recently, the company decided to transfer its ISO/IEC 42001 certification registration from one certification body to another despitebeing initially bound by a long-term agreement with the current certification body.
This decision was motivated by the desire to partnerwith a certification body that offers deeper insights and expertise in the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence in cybersecurity.
To ensure a smooth transition and uphold its certification status, Securisai is diligently compiling the required documentation forsubmission to the new certification body. This includes a formalrequest, the most recent audit report underscoring its adherence toISO/IEC 42001, the latest corrective action plan that highlights its continuous efforts toward improvement, and a copy of its current validcertification registration.
A year following Securisai's initial certification audit, a subsequent audit was carried out by the certification body on its AIMS. The purpose of this audit was to assess compliance with ISO/IEC 42001 and verify the ongoing improvement of the AIMS. The audit team concluded that Securisai's AIMS consistently meets the requirements set by ISO/IEC 42001.
Question:
Based on Scenario 9, what should Securisai's certification be?

Correct Answer: C
Securisai requested atransferof its certification from one certification body to another, which is fully legitimate.
* ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.6.5supports certificate transfer under defined conditions, ensuring the organization remains certified without interruption.
* TheIAF MD2 (Mandatory Document for Management of Transfers of Accredited Certification) further elaborates:"A valid certification may be transferred between certification bodies provided that the original certification remains valid." Reference:ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.6.5; IAF MD2 Guidelines.
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