Which of the following acts requires workplaces to maintain an environment that is "free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm"?
Correct Answer: A
Explanation: The piece of legislation to which the quote refers is the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA). The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is focused specifically on providing rights for employees with disabilities in the workplace. The DrugFree Workplace Act is focused on the substance abuse policy for federal contractors. The SarbanesOxley Act is focused on the legal obligation that organizations have to record and report financial information. And the Fair Labor Standards Act refers to the legal requirements that companies have to provide a workplace environment that is fair to all employees.
Question 117
Which of the following is the acronym used to describe an exception to any of the antidiscrimination laws for employment?
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: The acronym BFOQ stands for bona fide occupational qualification and describes an exception to any of the antidiscrimination laws for employment. (For instance, in some religious organizations, only men may be ordained as ministers/priests. This would be considered a bona fide occupational qualification.) The other acronyms do not reflect any recognized terms and certainly have no connection to exceptions within the antidiscrimination laws.
Question 118
Name one consequence of the Clayton Act of 1914.
Correct Answer: C
Explanation: One consequence of the Clayton Act of 1914 was that employers could not use injunctions to break strikes. This act was intended to protect the free market from monopolies and exclusive business arrangements. This act was unique at the time because it made executives responsible for violations.
Question 119
According to Edward E. Lawler, the four elements of a highinvolvement organization are
Correct Answer: D
Explanation: According to Edward E. Lawler, the four elements of a highinvolvement organization are power, information, knowledge and rewards. A highinvolvement organization is one in which employees are given the opportunity to arrange their work schedules and processes. In other words, employees have the power to determine their own daytoday activities. Of course, they are also responsible for results. In Lawler's system, a highinvolvement organization makes a wealth of information available to all employees, so that it can factor into their decisionmaking process. Similarly, a highinvolvement organization continuously tries to improve the employee knowledge base. Finally, in a highinvolvement organization, employees are paid based on their performance rather than seniority.
Question 120
Which of the following is NOT a chart commonly used in total quality management?
Correct Answer: B
Explanation: Pie charts are not commonly used in total quality management. Total quality management is a comprehensive approach to reducing errors and streamlining every aspect of an organization's operations. The other answer choices are charts frequently used to identify waste and make TQM plans. A Pareto chart combines line and bar graphs to identify the problems that are causing the most waste. A scatter plot represents the relationship between two variables. A histogram looks like a bar graph; it is used to identify variations in a set of experimental data.
